At this time McCanles was the leader of a local "gang" that considered themselves "desperadoes". Hickok left his new bride a few months later, joining Charlie Utter's wagon train to seek his fortune in the gold fields of South Dakota. Ellis county elections were held on 2 November 1869, and Hickok (Independent) lost to his deputy Peter Lanihan (Democrat). Utter.". A semifictionalized version of Hickok's time as marshal of Abilene Kansas, titled Hickok (2017), stars Luke Hemsworth as Hickok, Trace Adkins as the Bull's Head Saloon keeper Phil Coe, Kris Kristofferson as Abilene mayor George Knox, and Kaiwi Lyman-Mersereau as John Wesley Hardin. The cemetery was moved in 1881, and when McCall's body was exhumed, the noose was found still around his neck.[69]. She was a world renowned horsewoman, tightrope walker, dancer, sometime actress, lion tamer, and could speak several languages! They pull their guns and shoot. He didn't do well living in the East either. ", This page was last edited on 14 April 2023, at 10:52. Wikimedia Commons. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wild-Bill-Hickok, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Wild Bill Hickok, Wild Bill Hickok - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). McCall was tried and acquitted of murder as a result of his dubious claim that the killing was in revenge for Hickoks murder of his brother in Abilene. Marshal. Just as he pulled the trigger, one of the policemen rushed around the corner between Coe and the pistols and both balls entered his body, killing him instantly. They had seen Hickok calmly shoot Tutt through the heart, at a distance of between 75 to 100 feet, and then turn on them instantly confident of his shot to Tutt. Their quick-draw duel was recorded as the first of its kind. Your Birth Certificate is Incorrect, Sir. The men, women, and children of his own time echoed the words of that old woman of Abilene, "He was a grand man, Marshal Hickok, a grand man". Witnesses confirm that while scouting from Fort Harker Kansas on May 11, 1867, Hickok was attacked by a large group of Indians, who fled after Hickok shot and killed two. It has been reported that Calamity Jane was buried next to him because that was her dying wish. The pattern of his life was hardening into the life long habit of interposing himself between the oppressed, and the oppressor. [61], Hickok died instantly. Many characters in Western novels are fashioned after Hickok. Best Known For: Wild Bill Hickok was an American frontiersman, army scout and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. [27] The outlaw John Wesley Hardin was in Abilene in 1871, and was befriended by Hickok. 10 in Deadwood, in the Black Hills, Dakota Territory. During this time, Hickok. The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok was a 1950s TV series starring Guy Madison and Andy Devine. Of course, this information never got the circulation the false claim had received. Moriah Cemetery, Deadwood, Lawrence, South Dakota Notes: He earned a reputation as a skilled scout. He was involved in several notable shootouts during the course of his life. (ILFEBRUARY, BILL. He afterward resumed using his given name, James Hickok. [34]:34 The show featured six buffalo, a bear, and a monkey, and one show ended in disaster when a buffalo refused to act, prompting Hickok to fire a bullet into the sky. Gunfighter Wild Bill Hickok (Jeff Bridges) travels the frontier, gaining fame and enemies in roughly equal measure. He noted the sound was similar to tapping a brick wall and believed the remains to now weigh more than 400 lb (181 kg). Born in rural Illinois, James Hickok developed extraordinary shooting skills in an otherwise unremarkable childhood. A later film (1953) and subsequent stage musical, both titled Calamity Jane, also portray a romance between Calamity Jane and Hickok. His nickname of Wild Bill has inspired similar nicknames for men named William (even though that was not Hickok's name) who were known for their daring in various fields. He was a well-known gambler and gunslinger, participating in many shootouts before coming to Deadwood. James Butler Hickok Family History . Hickok accused a J.V. The Screen Gems series began in syndication, but ran on CBS from June 5, 1955, through 1958, and, at the same time, on ABC from 1957 through 1958. Friends of the beaten toughs now wanted to even the score, and had attracted a large crowd of sympathizers. In 1859 he joined the Russell, Waddell, and Majors freight company as a driver. Some contemporaneous reports of his exploits are known to be fictitious, but they remain the basis of much of his fame and reputation. Recently, a "photo" of the mysterious Captain O'Neil surfaced. McCanles may have been the first man Hickok killed. At the time, shooting stray dogs within city limits was legal, and a 50-cent bounty was paid by the city for each one shot. Dismounting, he approached the bear and fired a shot into its head, but the bullet ricocheted off its skull, infuriating it. This tale of romance came to a sad end on August 2, 1876. McCanles was the first man Hickok was reputed to have killed in a fight. This is a tale of two men called Bill: William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody and James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok. At the end of the trial, Judge Sempronius Boyd gave the jury two contradictory instructions. In his 1895 autobiography (published after his own death and 19 years after Hickok's), Hardin claimed to have disarmed Hickok using the famous road agent's spin during a failed attempt to arrest him for wearing his pistols in a saloon. [citation needed] Although he was just 39, his marksmanship and health were apparently in decline, and he had been arrested several times for vagrancy,[53] despite earning a good income from gambling and displays of showmanship only a few years earlier. His nickname of Wild Bill has inspired similar nicknames for men known for their daring in various fields. After the war, Hickok became a scout for the U. S. Army and later was a professional gambler. In any event, things came to a head in October of 1871. The bullet emerged through his right cheek and struck another player, riverboat Captain William Massie, in the left wrist. One day, after hearing that a cowherd was approaching, she remember how fearful she and her family became. ", Cause of death Murdered (shot in the back of the head) by Jack McCall, Hickok was born in Homer, Illinois (what is now Troy Grove) on May 27, 1837. According to the story, Hickok placed himself between the crowd and their intended victim. Hickok is currently interred in a ten-foot (3 m) square plot at the Mount Moriah Cemetery, surrounded by a cast-iron fence with a U.S. flag flying nearby. Hickok rode Buckshot while 300-pound Jingles rode Joker. The hand Hickok had held, a pair of Aces and a pair of Eights, thereafter became known as "The Dead Man's Hand.". His skills as a gunfighter and scout, along with his reputation as a lawman, provided the basis for his fame, although some of his exploits are fictionalized. And the family remained in complete safety while the cow herd, and the cowboys, passed by the ranch. Two men walk towards each other across a dusty western town square. Subsequently, McCormick admitted that she had not even been born until 1880, four years after Hickok's death. In 1867, his fame increased from an interview by Henry Morton Stanley. At the end of the incident three men were dead, McCanles and his two friends. Introduced in late 1850 in .36-caliber, the six-shooter featured a 7 . In the melee that followed, Hickok shot Woods, who, most historians agree, was then attacked and ultimately killed with a hoe by Mrs. Wellman. It was written by Michael Lanahan and directed by Timothy Woodward Jr. Marshal. Nowadays, though, his place of birth is called Troy Grove. That woman was delicately known as "Calamity Jane". [6] Since the event was outdoors, he could not compel people to pay, and the venture was a financial failure. [a][8], In 1855, at age 18, James Hickok fled Illinois following a fight with Charles Hudson, during which both fell into a canal; each thought, mistakenly, that he had killed the other. Hickok and his accomplices, the station manager Horace Wellman, his wife, and an employee, J.W. Later historians, however, have presented a radically different portrayal of the events at Rock Creek. Naturally, all such claims were made long after Hickok was dead. His paranoia was prescient: he was shot in the back of the head with a .45-caliber revolver by Jack McCall. It won the Best Song Oscar for "Secret Love", by Sammy Fain and Paul Francis Webster . Hickok's encounter in Abilene with outlaw John Wesley Hardin resulted in the latter fleeing the town after Hickok managed to disarm him. He became a deputy U.S. marshal, and on March 28, 1868, he picked up 11 Union Army deserters who had been charged with stealing government property. Red objects generally appear black in early photographs, as the photographic processes were insensitive to red light. Getty Images. At the time of his death Hickok was holding black aces and eights with the fifth card the Jack of Diamonds. Hickok was not a 20th century lawman. Both men are iconic legends and folk heroes of the Old West; Cody as a cowboy, Pony Express rider, stage coach driver, teamster, Union Army soldier, civilian army scout, buffalo hunter, and ultimately the greatest of showmen; and Hickok as a Union . He kicked in doors of all the saloons, ordered everyone out, and shut them down. Hickok is currently interred in a ten-foot (3 m) square plot at the Mount Moriah Cemetery, surrounded by a cast-iron fence with a U.S. flag flying nearby. He sometimes meets up with his friend and occasional lover, Calamity Jane. Eventually, Hickok's "Aces and eights" became widely accepted as the "Dead Man's Hand. The citizens of Abilene soon learned that they had nothing to fear, from the rowdy trail herd cowboys, with Wild Bill on the job. A branch of the family moved to America in 1635. This time McCall was found guilty. Almost the entire town attended the funeral, and Utter had Hickok buried with a wooden grave marker reading: "Wild Bill, J. Thank you Steve and Gary! B. Hickok (Wild Bill) formerly of Cheyenne, Wyoming. The truth is no one knows for sure. Lorenzo, and brother James, decided to take a hand,in the matter, and prevented any harm coming to the young man. These were silver-plated with ivory handles, and were engraved: "J.B. Hickock-1869". They have even doubted accomplishments for which there is ample documentation. This story is considered to be apocryphal or at the very least an exaggeration, as Hardin claimed this at a time when Hickok couldn't defend himself. Eventually, Hickok's "Aces and eights" became widely accepted as the "Dead Man's Hand. However, by the early 1860's it was known as Troy Grove. Hickok was working as sheriff and city marshal of Hays, Kansas when, on July 17, 1870, he was involved in a gunfight with disorderly soldiers of the 7th US Cavalry, wounding one and mortally wounding another. Agnes Lake and James Butler Hickok were finally married on March 5th, 1876. After the war, he served as marshall in several rough frontier towns, and as a cavalryman in the "Indian Wars." He enforced the law as he saw fit. Hickok made the acquaintance of another individual at the Fort, also destined for fame, Will Cody later known as "Buffalo Bill". He also took a job working for a neighbor with a last name of Carr. No unfair advantage taken by either party. By 1854 Hickok's father had died and he was bored with both farming and life in Troy Grove. [6][7], In 1857, Hickok claimed a 160-acre (65 ha) tract in Johnson County, Kansas (in what is now Lenexa). He then asked them some questions concerning the man he was tracking. Regardless of this, however, there are official records to show that Hickok was hired, by the Fort, to recover stolen mules. Calamity Jane was reputed to have led a mob that threatened McCall with lynching, but at the time of Wild Bills death, Jane was being held by military authorities. Kingsbury. Usually, Hickok always sat with his back to a wall. 2 revolver, the gun Hickok may have been carrying during his final poker game. Hickok was a favourite of Custer and his wife, Libbie, who described him as a delight to look upon. Hickoks physical appearance was by many accounts arresting. Jean McCormick was the daughter of Jane Calamity Jane Cannary and James Butler Wild Bill Hickok. The future character of the one eventually to be known as "The Prince of the Pistoleer's" was slowly emerging. The told them that the June ordinance concerning firearms was still in effect, and that they should give up their guns and leave town. Those who objected or resisted were knocked through, or out, the doors and into the street. Horace Hickok was born in October of 1834. [41] In 1979 Hickok was inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame. After the war, Hickok became a scout for the U. S. Army and later was a professional gambler. Most likely McCall became enraged over what he perceived as a condescending offer from Hickok to let him have enough money for breakfast after he had lost all his money playing poker the previous day. The 10th arrived at Fort Lyon, Colorado, in October and remained for the rest of 1868. [32] There is another account of the Coe shootout. But Coe "reckoned without his host". Coe explained that he was shooting at a stray dog[30] but suddenly turned his gun on Hickok, who fired first and killed Coe. He was an assistant station tender for the Pony Express at the Rock Creek, Nebraska station. Not having the courage to do it himself, he one day filled about 200 cowboys with whiskey intending to get them into trouble with Wild Bill, hoping that they would get to shooting and in the melee shoot the marshal. He reported returning with five prisoners after killing ten. As vile a character as I ever met for some cause Wild Bill incurred Coe's hatred and he vowed to secure the death of the marshal. He was bedridden for four months before being sent to Rock Creek Station in the Nebraska Territory to work as a stable hand while he recovered. With his already evident skill in shooting , James brought in local game to add to the family larder. On this occasion however, his friends teased him about his habit and wouldn't let him sit with his back to the wall. When they reached the "Alamo" saloon Coe drew his pistol and fired it. The wagon train arrived in Deadwood in July 1876. Utter.". Although the true version of how, or when, Hickok acquired the sobriquet may never be known, it is known that in this area of the country, during this time period, James Butler Hickok began being known as "Wild Bill Hickok"! Hickok pulled his pistol, and almost simultaneously both fired their pistols at each other. Many newspaper and magazine articles depicted Hickok as being extremely dashing, over six feet tall, broad-shouldered, with long locks and mustache. It involves a woman that, in life, had almost nothing whatever to do with him, except share the same area of the country for a brief time. CatherineErnest6628. Inside were several local thugs playing pool, and when they saw the long haired frontiersman come in they thought they would have some sport with him. A humorous, if somewhat dangerous, incident occurred during an appearance by Hickok. James Butler Hickok, a.k.a. [4] Despite all Hickok photographs indicating he had dark hair, all contemporary descriptions confirm he was in fact golden blonde. Hickok and his accomplices, the station manager Horace Wellman, his wife, and an employee, J.W. Guess they weren't fans of The Simpsons. The town of Deadwood, South Dakota, re-enacts Hickok's murder and McCall's capture every summer evening. [36] It is believed that the two met for the first time after Jane was released from the guardhouse in Fort Laramie and joined the wagon train that Hickok was traveling with. In June, Hickok mustered out and went to Springfield, where he gambled. It is difficult to separate the truth from fiction about Hickok, the first "dime novel" hero of the western era, in many ways one of the first comic book heroes, keeping company with another who achieved part of his fame in such a way, frontiersman Davey Crockett. The graveyard filled quickly and was in an area that could be better used for the constant influx of settlers to live on, so all the bodies there were moved up the hill to the Mount Moriah Cemetery in the 1880s. He was famously photographed with a pair of ivory handled Colt 1851 Navy revolvers and a large Bowie knife tucked into his belt c. 1869. He would walk down the center of the street, eyes darting back and forth. B. Hickock [sic] (Wild Bill) formerly of Cheyenne, Wyoming. Hickok then tried acting in Wild West shows, which were growing in popularity. Richardson wrote of the encounter for the April 1877 issue of Scribner's Monthly, in which he mentions McCall's second trial. A vile a character as I ever met for some cause Wild Bill incurred Coes hatred and he vowed to secure the death of the Marshall. He further claimed that Hickok, as a result, had two guns cocked and pointed at him. [19] According to Hickok's account, he found the road blocked by a cinnamon bear and its two cubs. [citation needed], Henry M. Stanley, of the Weekly Missouri Democrat, reported Hickok to be "an inveterate hater of Indian People", perhaps to enhance his reputation as a scout and American fighter, but separating fact from fiction is difficult considering his recruitment of Indians to cross the nation to appear in his own Wild West show. In any case, Hardin appeared to have thought highly of Hickok. In 1861, he became a town constable in Nebraska. They were immediately sobered up and struck dumb with fear. ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1984). Almost the entire town attended the funeral, and Utter had Hickok buried with a wooden grave marker reading: "Wild Bill, J. His motive was never really known, but some folks thought the criminal element in Deadwood feared the famous lawman and decided to eliminate him. As the scene unfolded, McCanles entered the station, and, from behind the curtain that divided it in two, either Hickok or Wellman shot McCanles. Connect to the World Family Tree to find out, May 27 1837 - Troy Grove, Comt De Lasalle, Illinois, tats-Unis, Aug 2 1876 - Comt De Lawrence, Dakota Du Sud, tats-Unis, May 27 1837 - Homer, La Salle, Illinois, United States, Aug 2 1876 - Spearfish, Comt De Lawrence, Dakota Du Sud, tats-Unis, Agnes MERSMAN, Calamity Jane Aka Martha Jane CANARY, Horace Dewey HICKOK, Lorenzo Butler HICKOK, Lydia HICKOK, Celinda HICKOK, Oliver Otis HICKOK, May 27 1837 - Homer, Troy Grove, La Salle, Il, Usa, Celinda Dewey SMITH, Lydia BARNES, Lorenzo Butler HICKOK, Oliver H HICKOK, Horace Dewey HICKOK, Mount Morian Cemetery, Deadwood, Lawrence, South Dakota, United States, Cause of death: Firearm, Murder - Aug 2 1876 - Deadwood, Aug 2 1876 - Deadwood, United States, Nuttal & Mann's, United States, Aug 2 1876 - Deadwood, Lawrence, South Dakota, Usa, Celinda Dewey HICKOK, Lorenzo B HICKOK, Horace D HICKOK, Lydia HICKOK, May 27 1837 - Troy Grove, Lasalle Co., Illinois. As a result, calcium carbonate from the surrounding soil had replaced the flesh, leading to petrifaction. One thing led to another and soon five or six of them lay unconscious on the pool room floor. It is recorded that before "Buffalo Bill" developed his "Wild West show, others had attempted similar productions. Also in 1995, he's depicted as a character in an episode of Legend (TV series) by William Russ, possibly most famous for his role in Wiseguy (TV series). The owners of this establishment were the famous gunfighter Ben Thompson, and a man named Phil Coe. In August of 1903 Calamity died from complications of alcoholism. In neither of these actions was any blame laid upon Hickok. However, four of the men on the self-appointed committee who planned Calamity's funeral (Albert Malter, Frank Ankeney, Jim Carson, and Anson Higby) later stated that since Bill had absolutely no use for Jane in this life, they decided to play a posthumous joke on Hickok by laying her to rest for eternity by his side. "The Girl and the Gunfighter: A Newly Discovered Photograph of Wild Bill Hickok. Instead, this ridiculous woman, supposedly claimed not only to have known Hickok, but to have had an affair with him! A collection of fifty-six letters from the family of James Butler ("Wild Bill") Hickok. A request for any/all information on either the ship or the indicated captain, from the Cunard line, was submitted by Mr. Rosa in 1957. Deadwood however, has gone through many more changes than Troy Grove. He immediately began to break up all the unfair gambling practices, currently implemented in the saloons. Updated on March 08, 2017. He seemed to have respect for Hickok's abilities and replied, "If Bill needs killing, why don't you kill him yourself? The following year he was badly injured by a bear and sent to the Rock Creek Station in Nebraska (which the company had recently purchased from David McCanles) to work as a stable hand while he recovered. The identity of the fifth card (his "hole card") is also the subject of debate. Hickok is a playable character in the 2018 board game Deadwood 1876 by Faade Games. Despite his reputation,[70] Hickok was buried in the Ingelside Cemetery, Deadwood's original graveyard. Few stayed around to find out if he was serious. It is known that the Hickok home even had a hidden cellar, which was used to hide the escaping slaves. B. Hickock (sic) (Wild Bill) formerly of Cheyenne, Wyoming. [citation needed], Leander Richardson, a reporter, interviewed McCall shortly before his execution, and wrote an article about him for the April 1877 issue of Scribner's Monthly. The following year he was badly injured by a bear and sent to the Rock Creek Station in Nebraska (which the company had recently purchased from David McCanles) to work as a stable hand while he recovered. She claimed to be the daughter of Calamity Jane. It should not be quoted or retransmitted without a full citation to the author and website address, and should not be put into print without the author's express permission. Coe told him that he had shot at a stray dog. Mulvey wheeled his horse around to face those who might shoot him from behind, and before he realized he had been fooled, Hickok shot him through the temple. Tutt left the saloon but returned to the square at 6 p.m., while Hickok arrived on the other side and warned him not to approach him while wearing the watch. In 1871, Hickok became marshal of Abilene, Kansas, taking over for former marshal Thomas J. Smith. McCall claimed at the resulting two-hour trial (by a motley group of assembled miners and businessmen) that he was avenging Hickok's earlier slaying of his brother. A monument has since been built there. Alonzo Hickok was born in Vermont in 1801 and married Polly Butler in 1827. According to Historynet, his father, William Alonzo Hickock, and mother, Polly Butler Hickock, had met and married in Vermont in 1827, and moved to Troy Grove in 1833.There, they opened a general store, called the Green Mountain House (presumably a nod to their home, the Green Mountain State), which did well at . awaiting execution. Oliver Hickok had, by this time, gone to California for the Gold Rush. Omissions? In 1857, Hickok claimed a 160 acre tract of land in Johnson County, Kansas (in what is now the city of Lenexa) where he became the first constable of Monticello Township, Kansas. After looking the city over, Hickok decided to accept the position. According to Hardin's biography Hickok came to disarm Hardin one day, for violation of the gun carry laws enacted in Abilene. Hickok's duties as a police detective were mostly mundane and included counting the number of troops in uniform drinking while on duty, checking hotel liquor licenses and tracking down individuals in debt to the Union to facilitate repayment. On December 9, Hickok and Lanihan both served legal papers on Macintosh, and local newspapers acknowledged that Hickok had guardianship of Hays City. This particular regiment was destined to become immortal. She said, "Oh, I tell you, I tell you, he was a grand man was Marshal Hickok, a grand man!" As a result, calcium carbonate from the surrounding soil had replaced the flesh leading to petrifaction. This isolated snapshot of Hickok's life is revealing. James Butler Hickok, a.k.a. James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 August 2, 1876), better known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, was a folk hero of the American Old West known for his life on the frontier as a soldier, scout, lawman, cattle rustler, gunslinger, gambler, showman, and actor, and for his involvement in many famous gunfights. After Wild Bill's death in Deadwood, Dakota Territory, in 1876, the letters . At the time of the so-called McCanles Massacre, Hickok was known as Duck Bill because of his sweeping nose and protruding upper lip (covered with a mustache later in life). This was likely exacerbated by the fact that there was a long-standing dispute over Hickok's girlfriend, Susannah Moore. "Dead man's hand" was an established poker. The motive for the killing is still debated. This number is doubtful, and it is more likely that his total killings were about 20 or a few more. This graveyard filled quickly, preventing further use, and in 1879, on the third anniversary of his original burial, Utter paid to move Hickok to the new Mount Moriah cemetery. Shull said that McCanles was a "horse thief stealing horses for the Confederacy. To be entitled to acquittal on the ground of self-defense, he must have been anxious to avoid a conflict, and must have used all reasonable means to avoid it. In 1864 Hickok and the other detectives had not been paid for some time, and Hickok either resigned or was reassigned as he was hired as a scout by General John B. Sanborn at five dollars a day plus a horse and equipment. It is believed that McCanles arrived at the station with his son, Monroe; his cousin, James Woods; and James Gordon, a man in his service. Twice he asked Rich to change seats with him and on both occasions Rich refused. My 8th Grandfather was Thomas Fairchild, a founder of Stratford, CT, and I come thru the lineage of his son, Joseph.Anyway, I also recently noticed a celebrity tree on Genealogy.com that links Wild Bill Hickok with Fairchilds, as . In 1855, at the age of 18, Hickok moved to Kansas Territory following a fight with Charles Hudson, which resulted in both falling into a canal. His skills as a gunfighter and scout, along with his reputation as a lawman, provided the basis for his fame, although some of his exploits are fictionalized. Several official documents, still in existence, show Hickok being paid for services rendered to the Provost Marshal's office. This, in turn, was destroyed by souvenir hunters and replaced in 1902 by a life-sized sandstone sculpture of Hickok. [7] Photographs of Hickok appear to depict dark hair, but all contemporaneous descriptions affirm that it was red. Hickok looked past him and yelled, "'Don't shoot him in the back; he is drunk," which was enough distraction to allow him to win the fight. Yes, if it was necessary. Hickok waved his hand past Mulvey at some onlookers and yelled, "Don't shoot him in the back; he is drunk." On March 5, 1876, Hickok married Agnes Thatcher Lake, a 50-year-old circus proprietor in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory. Hickok later would return to the east for another attempt at show business. Legends of the Hidden Temple - S 1 E 4 - Wild Bill Hickok and the Dead Man's Hand. To hide the escaping slaves dismounting, he found the road blocked by a life-sized sandstone sculpture Hickok. Course, this information never got the circulation the false claim had received into! Hickok became a scout for the Gold Rush original graveyard an established poker, had guns! Agnes Thatcher Lake, a `` photo '' of the one eventually to be the daughter of Calamity Jane buried... 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