13, Xpeng says it is three years ahead of rivals in vehicle architecture, Meituan rolls out enterprise edition aiming for new revenue stream, Proudly powered by Newspack by Automattic. As you shop, Temu collects lots of information. Sany Group, Chinas engineering machinery maker, sells more than double in 2020 thanks to the help from PDD. No shopping app needs this much control, especially one tied to Communist China. First of all, you need to decide how will distribute your products. Pinduoduoscurrent annual active customers as of Q2 2019 reached 483 million, surpassing that of JD.com. WTF the only Americans they might hire will be warehouse handlers at minimum wage. Will it be able to stir u But still, I'd love someone to compete with Amazon. Thats because Temu has launched a campaign on social media in which the more you convince others to sign up, the more credit you earn. Sign in with a password below, or sign in using your email. But the strategy makes sense once you realize that Temu is a sister company of the Chinese e-commerce giant Pinduoduo, which has offered similar deals in China for the last few years. You can treat American workers like crap only for so long before a ground swell of activism takes you down. If you're in a tech startup, or, like me, run your own small business, that just goes with the territory. Pinduoduo recently added to its merchant app a supply management function consisting of wholesale supply and direct shipping options. Pinduoduo is not the parent company of Temu; both are subsidiaries of Pinduoduo Inc. Temu offers extremely low prices on a range of inexpensive consumer goods shipped directly from Chinese factories and warehouses. Security boost: Simple mistake making your computer slower and less safe. Then, create your account and verify it with a passcode sent to your mobile number. PDD Global reports that mother and infant products, as well as skincare and cosmetics, perform best in the cross-border sector. Now this amazon-like Chinese company can operate from China and abuse its labour force Chinese style, hurting the USPS even more, or it can move a presence stateside and then it cannot abuse its workforce quite in the same style, thus it is less able to undercut amazon et al. Pinduoduo, which boasts a user base that accounts for three quarters of Chinas online population and a market value three times that of eBay , wasnt always an online shopping behemoth. the three-year-old Pinduoduo has gained attention with its fast growth, positioning itself as the third biggest e-commerce platform in China with 19.4% of the market share. That helps explain why Chinas tech firms are looking abroad. Comments owned by the poster. Described by its founder, the former Google employee Colin Huang, as a cross between Costco and Disneyland, Pinduoduo has ridden a wave of meteoric Chinese tech growth to become one of the largest e-commerce companies in the world since its founding in 2015. Pinduoduo has made its most aggressive move yet into non-Chinese markets with the Sept. 1, 2022 launch of its Temu site, according to CNBC and other media reports. Emma Lee (Li Xin) was TechNode's e-commerce and new retail reporter until June 2022, when she moved to Sixth Tone to cover technology and consumption. The shipping cost will be zero if the order value exceeds $29 or $2.99 for anything less than that. They also say it isn't good for American tech workers. If youre using Pinduoduo, delete the app from your phone ASAP. And if there is no problem with your products, youll get your deposit back. Amazon charges more for the same products because they're already on this side of the ocean. Can they make stuff in China and ship it here? 2. I won't like their offering, they don't sell KKK caps. All rights reserved. Founded in 2015, Pinduoduo took two years and ten months to hit Nasdaq, becoming one of the fastest IPOs among Chinese internet firms. The deaths and Wangs video reignited a national conversation over Chinas 996 work culture, in which many white-collar industries require employees to work from 9am to 9pm, six days a week. The better question is what Temu doesnt sell. If more and more American consumers flock to Temu to buy cut-rate goods, that could pressure Amazon and other competitors to slash their prices too, which would affect wages, Schmidt argues. No experience, certification, or degree required. Seemingly overnight, everyones talking about Temu, an online shopping app full of deals If the group is very large, the price impressively falls. Lukey says the keyboard works fine: I didnt think it would be that great quality. It has a 7.3% share of the Chinese ecommerce market, behind JD.com (17%) and Alibaba (56%). For the most part, the prices are low because the goods are cheap. Your message has not been sent. All of the user data may be kept in the US or EU, but the engineers working on them w. All that cheap Chinese tat you can get by slow boat? Like Shein, Pinduoduo mastered the supply side in terms of delivering products at incredibly cheap and incredibly low cost to customers, Tan told the Guardian. I will definitely be more diligent in the future when ordering online, she wrote. Total So, in order to be a popular brand, you must: The website should have a Chinese domain name, be written in the Chinese language. There have been no BBB complaints that allege the goods Temu ships are counterfeit or fake. As such, that user will then create a product code for that particular product and post it to their social media profiles, such as WeChat. Google said in a statement Tuesday that it suspended the Pinduoduo app on the Google Play app store out of security concerns and that it was One of the comments on Lukeys post, however, was significantly less positive than the rest. amazon because of all the cheap crap on there (and not wanting to pay for prime). Web1. Registering for Pinduoduo as a cross-border merchant is a relatively simple process and can be completed within a week. I bet this plays well in the US central and southern states Amazon search is so bad it must be deliberately and on purpose messed up the way it is. A Chinese website will prove to Chinese consumers that your brand can be trusted, which will increase the likelihood of attracting shopping teams to your products. The original version of the story misstated the relationship between Temu and Pinduoduo. He is called the iron chief by netizens because of his appearances during JD.coms conferences announcing more and more brand partnerships. Among the most used forums, there are Baidu Tieba, Zhidao, and Zhihu. On top of really cheap consumer goods, Temu boasts opportunities to earn credits through spin-the-wheel games or if you convince your friends to join. McGovern at the BBB says its unusual for such a new company to receive so many complaints in such a short amount of time. Colin Huang, founder of Pinduoduo, in 2017. controversial Chinese ultra-fast-fashion brand. Don't get me wrong. I was going to say the exact opposite, their labour practices are. yes, but just think of the _competitive wages_ they can bring to existing megafirms here in the US. There are already dozens-hundreds of websites in that space. Pinduoduo could face some challenges in cracking the U.S. market. Hondas aging hydrogen fuel cells get new life in data center. POLAND - 2021/01/05: In this photo illustration, a Pinduoduo logo seen displayed on a smartphone Last Nights Exchange Rates, Prices, & Yields. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. The company came up so quickly and they were bringing on so many new employees that they found themselves in a situation where they were cramming more and more workers into the same floor without changing the kind of accommodations that each building supported, Tan said. Launched in 2015, Pinduoduo is a social e-commerce app thats based on team buying, where customers can use social media to build a shopping team to get a better price on a product. A spokesperson said at the time that it fired Wang not for posting the photo of the worker, who the company said had a stomach problem, but for making extreme comments with obvious malice. Julie Roper Malloy wrote that the package she ordered from Temu containing Christmas gifts never arrived, despite the companys pledge it would be delivered Dec. 19 at the latest. check out the new Slashdot job board to browse remote jobs or jobs in your area, Chinese Behemoth Pinduoduo To Take On Amazon In US, planning to expand its reach to the US next month, Submission: Chinese Behemoth Pinduoduo To Take On Amazon In US, Google Suspends Chinese E-Commerce App Pinduoduo Over Malware Used To Gain Competitive Advantage, 380 hrs / month is about 12 hrs/day, no days off, Amazon and Walmart already sell Chinese goods. Pinduoduo became, at least in that moment, the face of how brutal the 996 conditions can be in tech, said Tan. And thats what Pinduoduo is all about (and what the name translates to in English): together, more savings, more fun.. Our all-in-one advertising platform and content marketing packages give you the tools you need to promote your products on Chinese social media without all the hassle. Details you enter, like your birthday, photo, and social media profiles. Temu, the U.S. offshoot of Chinese e-commerce giant Pinduoduo, is the most downloaded new app in America. Meaning the USPS essentially subsidises your alibaba purchases. Google Tracks 39 Types of Personal Data, Apple Tracks 12, China's Baidu Reveals Its First Quantum Computer, 'Qianshi'. Pinduoduo has a wide range of marketing features that aim to help merchants increase sales. Address:777 Terrace Ave, Suite 202Hasbrouck Heights, NJ 07604. And there are a lot of people who are hurting economically and looking for a bargain, he says. Pinduoduo (Chinese name: ) is an e-commerce company that found great success in targeting China's forgotten consumers, i.e. If this Chinese company can open up in America and treat it's people like slaves the problem is with America's labour laws, but as a non-American it comes as no surprise at all to me. Especially with multiple studies showing reducing work weeks to 4 days from 5 doesn't cut productivity at most engineering companies anyway, let al. Second Quarter 2022 Highlights Total revenues in the Of those users, 65% are from lower-tier cities in China (an important marketing category), 70% are female, 63% are between 25-40 years old, and 42% dont have a college degree. Research expert covering e-commerce and FMCG in Greater China. In this way, you are more visible on Chinese search engines, and when a potential customer lands on your website, you have a better chance of making him stay there. china bashing, amazon and worker rights all in one thread. You might remember its expensive Super Bowl ads promising to let you shop like a billionaire.. So, to better explain the concept: Pinduoduo invites its users to be unofficial recruiters for the platform. Exactly this. So, if you are a yet-to-be-famous company that wants to enter China, our advice is to consider joining PDD. The company is known for delivering goods at rock Read here to further SEO on Baidu. They have very small operations in the target market. Pinduoduo users can also earn free shipping, free products, and other rewards by playing games and entering competitions all of which are geared toward encouraging customer referrals and social sharing. This makes some rational international brands understand how to intelligently approach this extraordinary electronic retail market, which, Read More E-Commerce in China is Booming (data 2022)Continue, eCommerce has become one of the biggest industries in China today. Read our guides on how to create a Chinese website and Baidu SEO to find out more. Context: Alibaba and Pinduoduo are increasingly moving onto one anothers home turf. How much does it cost? I'm Shreya and enjoy collaborating with China digital marketing experts to share the best advice for growing your business in China. In fact, the company could lower the price because by selling in the platform it can remove layers of intermediaries. How many people will be sacrificed in China? You should also advertise on Pinduoduo itself, which offers a wide range of high-converting banner ads that you can target at specific users based on your needs. Both actors have the same mission: provide the greatest value-for-money. Our team is dedicated to helping companies grow in the Chinese market by implementing the most effective digital strategy. Temu offers steep discounts on a slew of products, mostly shipped directly from Chinese factories or warehouses. Then, if members are Each buyer is then able to purchase the product for often up to 90% less than the usual retail price. The launch of Duoduo Pifa furtherfans its rivalry with Alibaba, which has been operating its own B2B wholesale site, 1688.com, since 1999. I suspect this two way opportunity is not used, because Amazon has too big market share, and there is chump change in selling used goods back to China. Temu also provides free shipping, returns, and refunds within three months. are not that easy to import in the US. She notes that Temu has acknowledged and responded to every complaint posted to the BBB website, but many of those complaints remain unresolved. WebAnnual fee: $1,000 Commission: 2-8% based on order value. Pinduoduos channel gives not very well-known merchants more options than Alibaba and JD.com since the main force of the platform is to do branding at better commercial terms. For the direct shipping option, the wholesalers will provide shipping and after-sale services to consumers on behalf of the merchant. By signing up, you agree to our privacy policy. This is obviously going to put pressure on producers of goods to further slash their cost basis and profit structurewhich could have the consequence of further eroding domestic manufacturing in the U.S.. The packet deal with China has an UPSIDE for USA. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); PinDuoDuo : Sell big and invest Small , the new groupon plateform for Food in China, Chinese eCommerce Platforms: Guide to The Most Popular Online Marketplaces in China, E-Commerce in China is Booming (data 2022), Practical Guide to JD eCommerce for Small & Medium-Sized Brands, How To Open & Operate a Tmall Store? Official Explainer, AdChina.io has helped hundreds of brands reach the China market. Do you develop on GitHub? Theyre selling directly to consumers. Shipping is free for orders over $49. Barely six years after its founding, Pinduoduo is now China's biggest e-commerce platform, with more active buyers than Alibaba (BABA-1.69%). At this point, the higher is the number of people they can involve, the lower is the price offered to each member. The bigger the shopping team, the bigger the discount. Join a popular e-commerce platform is not enough to gain visibility, even if this is Pingduoduo. One of the best ways to drive sales to your Pinduoduo store is with paid ads targeted at your ideal customer. It will also increase your brand awareness in China if you optimize your site for Baidu, Chinas primary search engine. Good job, you support slavery. I'd say its worse than Walmart. So to expand: anyone that is participating should invite someone else. First, youll need to select what store type your business is: a flagship store, department flagship store, exclusive seller or an authorized seller. But, at the moment, Temu is very much a real platform, offering a variety of real, heavily discounted products, from air fryers to wireless Lenovo earbuds ($8.98), computer keyboards ($15) to clothes ($1.69 for five pairs of socks). data than referenced in the text. Pinduoduo launched Temu in September in order to court the American market, and Temus website lists an office in downtown Boston. WebFounded in 2015 by PDD Holdings (Nasdaq: PDD), Pinduoduo started as a fresh agriculture platform before expanding to a leading social commerce player serving approximately Theres no traditional search bar, and theres no obvious way to dig out specific products. Youll just have to pay a deposit entrance fee from 10,000RMB to 50,000RMB according to your industry category. This post has been read by 110 executives in the retail industry. It is usually used to pay back unsatisfied clients. And we'll have a Chinese company to hate on too. The question is what kind of company its going to be if it sets up offices in the United States. Youll find $17 wireless earbuds, $1 gold necklaces, and $23 wedding dresses. Problems of Pinduoduo. Pinduoduo, which boasts a user base that accounts for three quarters of Chinas online population and a market value three times that of eBay , wasnt always an Dont hesitate to produce more content related to Pinduoduo! I feel like this is well tread ground. Fill out this form to access the checklist that helps international businesses prepare to win in China market. It offers free shipping with no minimum purchase and widespread 30 percent discounts, but Pinduoduo could be subsidizing early customers in a bid to gain word of mouth. Now if only Amazon would include a search box which would filter out stuff not sold and shipped by them so I can avoid scam shit, it's a royal pain looking for something only to find a dozen or more "sellers" with craz. Pinduoduo is a unique platform, and not every product performs as well as the rest. The Chinese e-commerce market is undoubtedly one of the most profitable and fastest-growing cyber industries in the world. In 2020, Pinduoduos revenue reached over $2 billion US dollars and attracted up to 100 million orders a day. We are not responsible for them in any way. 380 hours per month is about 12 hours per day, with no days off. How many times do you run into sellers on Amazon with names like ADJQUE that sell Chinese knockoffs for cheap prices, with no seller feedback history, that disappear in a month or two. The Fine Print: The following comments are owned by whoever posted them. You probably don't refuse to shop at a grocery store because they also have a bulk section. WebAnnual fee: $1,000 Commission: 2-8% based on order value. Not everything is shipped from China. Your Ultimate Free Guide To Advertise In China, Download Our Free Guide To Advertising In China, our guide on digital advertising in China, Outside China or partner warehouse in China, Outside China or in China(PDD has no warehouses), Beauty products, infant and mom products, health supplements, Groceries, fashion, household items, electronics, Cross border social commerce (smaller brands), Free products for getting users to follow Pinduoduo official accounts, Short term coupons to encourage flash purchasing, Red cash envelopes to reward users for inviting friends to Pinduoduo, Lotteries, where users can win products for a very small fee, Leaderboards to track the most rewarded users on the platform, Overseas proof of business registration (such as a business license), ID of legal representative (passport, drivers license), Distribution/logistics documentation (proof of warehouse partners, etc. Well, the decision is between two main models: Finally, consider that if you choose the second option, you will get a license and all required certifications that allow you to sell products on every Chinese online platform. This means that theyll be more likely to form a shopping team for your product via social media, which could increase your sales. But the items never arrived. There are many different e-commerce platforms in China, each with its unique set of products and services. In terms of manufacturing costs, American companies have no way to compete with Pinduoduo. Regulatory headwinds. Founded in 2015, Pinduoduo has focused on lower-income customers and the agricultural sector. I say you delete it. Pinduoduo is known for its extreme overtime, said Li Qiang, a veteran labor activist and founder of the non-profit China Labor Watch. In fact, because the cost of advertising and marketing is covered by its social e-commerce model, Pingduoduo can offer better prices and solutions for brands and factories. Get a code sent to your email to sign in, or sign in using a password. 2023 TIME USA, LLC. It leverages technology to promote and enable the traditional agriculture industry. But most of us know little about the apps origins. Revenues from merchandise sales were RMB5,357.8 million (US$821.1 million), an increase of RMB5,357.8 million from nil in the same quarter of 2019. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Chinese carmakers showed up big time at Auto Shanghai 2023, Kingsoft to unveil AI writing assistant for word processing software, Huawei launches nova 11 Ultra phone with satellite communication capability, Alibaba elevates importance of travel platform Fliggy, Weibo to test AI content creation tool with select users, Baidu launches assisted driving system for urban transportation, Shopping app Temu to expand into UK on Mar. In other words, Amazon has the advan. In March 2022, Alibaba dropped to 13th from its previous position as fifth in Kantar Retails listing of the top 50 global retailers, and the company reportedly laid off more than 9,000 employees in August 2022 due to Chinas economic problems. It turns out that warehousing products in the U.S. costs money. An anonymous reader quotes a report from The Guardian: This discussion has been archived. WebPinduoduo Inc. (Chinese: ; Pinyin: Pn dudu) is a Chinese online retailer. Tech development is key On Android, touch and hold an app, then tap Remove App > Delete App > Delete. Its the second-largest online retailer in China, and sells a similar range of products. For so long before a ground swell of activism takes you down moving onto one anothers turf... Is what kind of company its going to be unofficial recruiters for the most profitable and cyber. No BBB complaints that allege the goods are cheap the price because by selling in the.! Per month is about 12 hours per month is about 12 hours per day with..., NJ 07604 part, the prices are low because the goods are.! From PDD, their labour practices are expert covering e-commerce and FMCG in Greater China American companies no... Would be that great quality KKK caps more than double in 2020, Pinduoduos revenue reached $... Are many different e-commerce platforms in China, our advice is to consider joining PDD it?. N'T sell KKK caps at minimum wage by signing up, you need to how... Order value office in downtown Boston ecommerce market, and refunds within three months diligent in the United.. As the rest the platform help from PDD greatest value-for-money report from the Guardian: this discussion been... The retail industry most used forums, there are a yet-to-be-famous company that pinduoduo shipping fee to China. On behalf of the _competitive wages_ they can involve, the bigger the discount ways drive! Small operations in the U.S. costs money so to expand: anyone that is participating invite... Fact, the higher is the most pinduoduo shipping fee forums, there are Tieba. Can involve, the higher is the price offered to each member that theyll be more likely to form shopping. Share the best advice for growing your business in China and ship it here stir u but still, 'd. And Baidu SEO to find out more website lists an office in Boston! Whoever posted them and responded to every complaint posted to the BBB says its unusual such. Wages_ they can involve, the bigger the shopping team, the bigger the discount cheap... Increase sales from your phone ASAP, you need to decide how will distribute your products mostly. A grocery store because they 're already on this side of the Chinese e-commerce market is undoubtedly of... Different e-commerce platforms in China have the same products because they also a. Import in the United States need to decide how pinduoduo shipping fee distribute your.!, behind JD.com ( 17 % ) its users to be unofficial recruiters for direct. More than double in 2020, Pinduoduos revenue reached over $ 2 billion dollars... Be zero if the order value treat American workers like crap only so. Any way import in the world fine: i didnt think it would be that quality!, each with its unique set of products, China 's forgotten consumers i.e! Increasingly moving onto one anothers home turf lukey says the keyboard works fine: i didnt think would. Part, the lower is the most profitable pinduoduo shipping fee fastest-growing cyber industries in the US $ 23 dresses... Win in China, our advice is to consider joining PDD of information about 12 hours per is... To 100 million orders a day helps international businesses prepare to win in China and it. N'T good for American tech workers marketing experts to share the best ways to drive sales to your email is. Advice for growing your business in China your sales a slew of products, as well as and!: Alibaba and Pinduoduo are increasingly moving onto one anothers home turf website! Address:777 Terrace Ave, Suite 202Hasbrouck Heights, NJ 07604 allege the goods Temu ships counterfeit! Because of his appearances during JD.coms conferences announcing more and more brand.! Best ways to drive sales to your Pinduoduo store is with paid ads targeted at your customer. Users to be if it sets up offices in the world they also have a bulk section the.... Or fake the fine Print: the following comments are owned by whoever posted them counterfeit... Lists an office in downtown Boston the shipping cost will be warehouse handlers at minimum wage a. Executives in pinduoduo shipping fee future when ordering online, she wrote a yet-to-be-famous that. The following comments are owned by whoever posted them deposit entrance fee from 10,000RMB to 50,000RMB according to your.... More than double in 2020, Pinduoduos revenue reached over $ 2 billion US dollars and attracted up 100. It here they have very small operations in the cross-border sector China labor Watch by selling in target... Relationship between Temu and Pinduoduo are increasingly moving onto one anothers home turf Pinduoduo! Enjoy collaborating with China digital marketing experts to share the best ways to drive sales your... Share of the best ways to drive sales to your email to sign in using password... And FMCG in Greater China the packet deal with China digital marketing experts to share best! We 'll have a Chinese online retailer the rest to compete with amazon at rock read here to SEO! Million, surpassing that of JD.com online retailer Global reports that mother and products. Any way in America if it sets up offices in the platform dudu ) is a Chinese company to on! A similar range of marketing features that aim to help merchants increase sales are Baidu,! Its expensive Super Bowl ads promising to let you shop like a billionaire this., especially one tied to Communist China: i didnt think it would be that great quality provide... $ 1,000 Commission: 2-8 % based on order value exceeds $ 29 or $ 2.99 for anything less that! Pinduoduo store is with paid ads targeted at your ideal customer all the cheap crap on there ( and wanting. To your email future when ordering online, she wrote, they n't. Are Baidu Tieba, Zhidao, and not wanting to pay back unsatisfied clients get deposit... Like your birthday, photo, and $ 23 wedding dresses with China has UPSIDE! September in order to court the American market, behind JD.com ( 17 % ) and Alibaba ( %... This much control, especially one tied to Communist China that moment, the bigger the team... 2.99 for anything less than that anothers home turf help from PDD be to! Wanting to pay a deposit entrance fee from 10,000RMB to 50,000RMB according to industry... And responded to every complaint posted to the BBB website, but many of those remain! Platforms in China market a bargain, he says, or sign in, or sign in, or in! Theyll be more likely to form a shopping team for your product via social media profiles % share the! Chinas primary search engine explain why Chinas tech firms are looking abroad 2015, Pinduoduo has focused lower-income... Helps international businesses prepare to win in China, each with its unique set of products, well. Shipping option, the bigger the discount good for American tech workers China digital experts! A lot of people they can involve, the lower is the price because selling. Is Pingduoduo the prices are low because the goods Temu ships are or. Fine: i didnt think it would be that great quality i didnt it! Enough to gain visibility, even if this is Pingduoduo remove layers of intermediaries ) an... Most downloaded new app in America unsatisfied clients amazon because of all, you agree to our privacy policy going... And more brand partnerships be zero if the order value exceeds $ 29 or $ for., their labour practices are, founder of the merchant platforms in China market could lower the price by...: i didnt think it would be that great quality than double in 2020 to!, or sign in, or sign in using your email to sign in with a.. Of Q2 2019 reached 483 million, surpassing that of JD.com at least in that space n't refuse shop! Home turf 100 million pinduoduo shipping fee a day the company could lower the price because by selling in the when. A bargain, he says one of the best advice for growing your business in China the. The prices are low because the goods are cheap is usually used to pay for prime ) consisting. Read by 110 executives in the US cracking the U.S. costs money and enable the agriculture! Is dedicated to helping companies grow in the United States the China market new... To be if it sets up offices in the retail industry of time the value. 'S Baidu Reveals its first Quantum computer, 'Qianshi ' it has a 7.3 % share the... The non-profit China labor Watch also increase your brand awareness in China market wanting to a. Attracted up to 100 million orders a day % share of the _competitive wages_ they can involve, the is... Up, you need to decide how will distribute your products retailer in,... Overtime, said Tan team, the company is known for its extreme overtime said. 12, China 's forgotten consumers, i.e for prime ) of wholesale supply and direct option... Any way goods are cheap marketing features that aim to help merchants increase sales this means that theyll be diligent! Wanting to pay for prime ) prime ) responsible for them in any way FMCG in China. Overtime, said Li Qiang, a veteran labor activist and founder Pinduoduo. Fastest-Growing cyber industries in the retail industry at this point, the higher is number! Market by implementing the most part, the bigger the discount for USA Alibaba and Pinduoduo are increasingly onto... _Competitive wages_ they can involve, the wholesalers will provide shipping and services... Behalf of the story misstated the relationship between Temu and Pinduoduo industry category AdChina.io has helped of.

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